Fight 1
FTR
Tom Murray (Sor.Naksoo) vs Stuart Palmer (Everlasting Geelong)
UPD Tom
Tom got off to a good start and maintained it

Fight 2
FTR
Daniel Smyrk (Martial Mix) vs Michael Demetriou (Don Millar)
UPD Mike 300
Mike used his counter style to great effect

Fight 3
K1
Cedric NTG Kongaika (NTG QLD) vs Phillip Salesa (Ultimate Hoppers Crossing)
UPD Cedric
Some big shots between these monsters! Phil started off well but Cedric just took his time.

Fight 4
FTR
Andy Colgrave (Martial Mix) vs Superboi (Ultimate Airport West)
Superboi wins in 4R by multiple cuts

Fight 5
FTR
Angie Parr (Boonchu QLD) vs Nicole Brolan (Don Millar)
Maj Draw, so no title! Rematch???

Fight 6
FTR
Jared Grigor (Sor.Jaiphet) vs Brett Franklin (Sityodtong)
Brett wins before 4R, Jared’s calf injury has flared up. Brett was dominating until this.

Fight 7
FTR
Dane ‘Daddy Cool’ (NTG QLD) vs Prasert (WMC Thailand)
Prasert wins in 2R from head kick, he had 2 dangerous techniques, one was a high front push kick that
came out of nowhere, and the other was the head kick that lopped over the guard, this one dropped Dane clean. Nugget threw in the towel but I think it was deemed a KO.

Fight 8
FTR
Soren (NTG QLD) vs Naruepon (Fairtex)
Naruepon wins by clean head kick in 1R, Soren dropped cleanly but eventually gets up.

Fight 9
K1
Paul Slowinski (Flinders Uni SA) vs Ben Edwards (Bulldog ACT)
Sting wins by leg kicks 3R, after downing Ben numerous times. Ben was all heart though and was not going to give up, he was leaving it to either the ref or doctor who were both concerned. Sting is world class, big things coming up for both these big boys no doubt!

From http://www.kickboxermag.com.au/forum/sh … 54&page=25

evolution17

Results:

Quarter Final 1

JWP defeats Scerri on points but sustained some damage of his own.

Quarter Final 2

Cosmo Alexander defeats Dzhabar on points (cuts Dzhabar with an elbow in the 2nd round.)

Quarter Final 3

Preacher defeats Diego

Quarter Final 4

Madsua defeats Boom Boom on points

Semi 1

Cosmo defeats JWP with leg kicks in the 2nd round.

Semi 2

Madsua Defeats Preacher on points

Finals:

Cosmo Alexander Defeats Madsua and get’s on spot in the 2009 Kings Cup

I must say after watching Yodsankli take cosmo apart this result surprised me but hey stranger things have happened

Malaipet throws a headkick

Popular Malaipet (Mongkhon Wiwasuk ) scored a points win over England’s Rick Fenwick to retake the WBC International Superwelterweight Title in the championship event staged at the Las Vegas Hilton on 25 July.

Malaipet had to use all his firepower to get the decision against Fenwick, who caused sensation when he beat the Thai expat star in California earlier this year.

China’s Muaythai superstar Kang En was unable to defend his Super Lightweight International championship scheduled on the same card against the Las Vegas glamour fighter Kevin Ross.

However, promoter Dennis Warner has rescheduled the contest for Las Vegas on 30 August.

Kang En won the title from Ross in an historic Muaythai championship event in Beijing early this year.

Little separated the two fighters in the first official professional Muaythai contest to be held in the China capital, but Ross is confident he can win the title this month in front of his home crowd.

On the same card Romie Adanza won the WBC Super Batamweight National Title with a K.O. round four win against Paulo DaSilva.
Special Thanks to Ray Kasprowicz for his dedication to this event with all the most important Photo shots.

1.Petch-Angkan Kaewsamrit (Thai) lose Petch-Viengchan (Lao)
2.Petch-Nasai (Thai) lose Suwanchad S.Boodsarin (Lao)
3.Goldstar Kiattanadol (Greece) won KO2 Kared Kiatphontip ( Aus ) 72 kg.
4.George Jitti Gym (Italy) lose Phillip Kiatphontip (England) 57 kg.
5.Ploysuew Sakrungrueng (Thai) lose Ko4 Nicole BangklangMuaythai (Aus)
6.Briandon Kaewsamrit (Africa) lose Bualoy Sitchangchai (Thai)
7.Alex Kiatkamthorn (Sweden) won Ko3 Cyrus TigerMuaythai (Usa) 76 kg.
8.Saosing S.Sopit (Thai) won Adi Rompo Gym (Iran) 52 kg.
9.Mosas T.Seangtiannoi (Thai) won Edu Rompo Gym (Iran) 80 kg.
10.Crown Eminentair (Italy) lose Ko 2Chancheanglek S.Chancheang (Thai)
11.Justin Sit-Karuhad (Usa) lose Ko4 Samario IngramGym (Belgium) 72 kg.
12.Cara Synbi Muaythai (Aus) won Namwan RawaiMuaythai (Thai) 57 kg. Live on TV 11 time 2300-0100am
1.Namtan P.Muangpetch (Thai ) lose Olivia Kaewsamrit (SouthAfrica)
WPMF women title Super lightweight
2.Chantal P.Suwannachot (Italy) lose Clair TigerMuaythai
3.Alex Chiangmai Muaythai (Swiss) lose Panom TopKingboxing(Thai)
WPMF women defend title Featherweight champion
4.Pearwa S.Penprapa (Thai) lose Ko3 Melisa Eminent air (England)
5.Imran Sasiprapa ( England) lose ko4 Man Tanachot (Thai)
6.Kajornkiar Rachapat (Thai) won ko 3 Denis Muaythaiplaza (Ger)
Live on TGN time 0100-0300am
1.Charles Francois (France) won ko5 Bird Kam (Cambodia) 67 kg.
WPMF defend title Welterweight champion
2.Kongjak S.Tounthong(Thai) won Michael Lallemand (France)
3.Damien Alamos (France) won Ko1 Kim Sung Yong (Korea) 64kg.
4.Youssef Boughanem (France) won Ko3 Steve Sasiprapa (Korea ) 68 kg.
5.Olivia Jackson (France) lose Jedtamnan Sasiprapa (Thai) 51 kg.
6.Johnny TigerMuaythai (England) lose Leo Kiatpetch(Brazil) 65 kg

Buakaw vs. Holzken from nopadon wongpakdee on Vimeo.

Other match ups on the night were
Masato vs Tatsuya
Jae Hee Chean vs Norifumi “Kid” Yamamoto
Giorgio Petrosyan vs. Albert Kraus
Andy Souwer vs. Artur Kyshenko
Hinata vs. Askerov
Yamamoto vs. Drago

Jwp beaten in the clinch

Photo by Scott McAlinden

The Fight wrap up – thanks to MRMT from the sportzblitz forums.

“Taylor Harvey with a solid points win over Mark Sarracino. It was a tough fight and was pretty close in the end with Mark coming back in the dying stages but not enough to get the win. Taylor showed great strength in the clinches and countered very effectively. Handled Mark very well throughout and rattled him a few times. Nice win.

Daddy cool wins with a split points decision over Ts2. This fight was a good display of aggression from both ends. Ts2 landing some good hand combos. Dane never backed up and pushed forward all fight and countered most of Ts2’s attacks well. He split TS2(elbow)in the 2nd or 3rd round and Ts2 never looked too comfortable after this. It was a SPD but I thought Dane had him outpointed 3 maybe even 4 rounds.

Soren wins by TKO in the 5th round. Let me just say “fight of the night!!”. Sean started extremely well with sharp hands and troubled Soren for the first 2 rounds. Soren began to find his range soon after and worked the body shots and step up knees to brutal perfection. It then turned into an elbow fest with both fighters landing clean elbows and trading them like ABC childcare shares. Sean ended up with some nasty cuts and Soren exposed his right ribs with his knees. Fight was called off as cut was too deep and the end of an awesome battle of MT elbows. Sean is a tough biscuit.

Carnage beats Manue by TKO in 2nd round with leg kick to lead leg. Carnage is absolutely the most destructive fighter in his weight by far. He is so fast and powerful that there was little that Manue could do to hurt Carnage. Carnage’s speed and power is frightening and even at this weight, I honestly do not think anyone stands a chance. He is undoubtedly a wreaking machine. clinical and precise. Look out Spong cause Carnage does not need elbows to finish anyone off. He really is mind blowing in action except for the little lapse in concentration in the 1st round where he dropped for an 8 count(I just missed this minute or so as nature called).

Preacher beat Wolf by split points decision. Preacher just didn’t look too sharp tonight. He was busy as usual but didn’t land many shots and wasted alot of energy doing this. Wolf looked to trouble him with his evasiveness and nearly clinched this one in the end. This was a close fight and could of gone either way as Wolf countered Preacher really well all fight. Preacher was never in real trouble of getting knocked but only just got through with his workrate. He even looked a little relieved when he was given the nod by the judges. He should bounce back well after this win.

Well now to JWP. Tum wins by UPD. Tum had a fightplan and stuck to it. Tum kept his distance all fight and avoided JWP hands. When it got close though, Tum used his grappling experience to lock JWP up all fight and dumped JWP many times. I think he jagged/dumped JWP 10-15 times which displays his awesome ability in the clinch. JWP had his chances early on but found himself behind in the early rounds with catch up on his mind all fight. Tum was just too good in the close exchanges and actually tought JWP a lesson or two tonight in the art of MT grapple. JWP will learn from this and will come back stronger next time. JWP such a humble guy and gives credit to Tum in the after fight talk, he says it was a loss and thats all it was, a loss. You can’t win them all champ and that is why JWP is so well respected. Humble in victory and defeat.”

Results

Harry Richardson vs Keiran McAskill – Richardson points
Philip Tien vs Chris Bray – Bray points
Lee Taylor vs Ritchie Green- Green stopped Taylor with a knee I think.
Mark Little vs Ian Taverner – Little points
Danny Taylor vs Jonathan Fabian – Taylor wins points but I thought Fabian put on a great show and, personally, thought he edged it – just my opinion though.
Stuart Kemp vs Ian Goldie – Kemp stops Goldie
Mati Parks v Paul Kelly – Kelly stops Parks (elbow if memory serves)
Olly Watson vs Steven Jones – Jones wins on points
Greg Walton vs Troy Roe – Walton wins after Dr stopped it, Roe looking unsteady on his feet.
Dean James vs Antonio Rodriguez – James wins points
Dave Fenson vs Nate Smandych – Fenson wins on points with deserved win but credit to Nate for carrying on after taking an elbow which opened up a good cut.
Ruth Ashdown vs Sarai Medina – Ruth wins on points with a good performance, just kept stalking the Sarai. The spanish girl was here to fight though and was tough
Michael Wakeling vs Alex Galavotti – Good win on points for Michael, looked really strong.
Chris Knowles vs Daniel Sam – Sam wins on pts but Knowlsey just kept coming, despite some big shots.
Sheree Halliday vs Sandra Bastian – Bastian wins as ref stops its.
Damien Trainor vs Andy Howson – both great skills, had to be a winner though and Andy just looked unstoppable.
Rob Storey vs Mariusz Cieslinksi – Storey takes points win
Liam Harrison vs Sanchai – Sanchai win on points but Liam took him all the way.

A great line up of fighters

Link to the full show

70 kg: Sayaknoi vs Fikri Tyarti
WOP Sayaknoi

66 kg: Bovy vs Belaini
Winner TKO Bovy R1

Anuwat vs Mosab Amrani.
Winner: Mosad Amrani [TKO R4]

Seanchai vs Nico Verrezen.
WOP Seanchai

Lamsongkram vs Rayen Simson
Winner: Rayen Simson [fight stopped due to a cut]

Nieky Holzken vs Marco Pique
Winner: Nieky Holzken [KO R3]

Sato standing over masato

Another K1 max final another “gimmee” to Masato .

Masato should have been beaten by Sato and then should have lost the final on points but it went through to an extension round and the fight was once again handed to him.

Fight #1: Reserve Fight #1: K-1 Rules
Yasuhiro Kido vs. Albert Kraus via TKO Round 2

Fight #2: Semi Final (1): K-1 Rules
MASATO vs. Yoshihiro Sato via Extra Round Decision

Fight #3: Semi Final (2): K-1 Rules
Andy Souwer vs. Artur Kyshenko via Extra Round Decision

Fight #4: Super Fight: K-1 Rules
Taishin Kohiruimaki vs. Joeri Mes via KO Round 3

Fight #5: Reserve Fight #2: K-1 Rules
Buakaw Por. Pramuk vs. Black Mamba via KO Round 1

Fight #6: K-1 Rules
Haruaki Otsuki vs. Ryuji Kajiwara via Decision

Fight #7: ISKA World Light Weight Title Match:
Susumu Daiguji vs. Daisuke Uematsu via KO Round 1

Fight #8: Final: K-1 Rules
MASATO vs. Artur Kyshenko via Extra Round Decision

Masato Wins K-1 World Max ‘08 Championship. By Monty DiPietro

TOKYO, October 1, 2008 — At age 29, Masato is already a veteran among K-1 World Max fighters. Tonight, the Japanese kickboxer countered any doubts about his speed and stamina by battling to victory in a pair of absolutely thrilling bouts to capture the K-1 World Max 2008 Final Championship at the Nippon Budokan.

With its 70kg/154lbs weight limit, K-1 World Max’s speed and technique have captivated fightsport fans in Japan and around the world. Tonight, this year’s top-four World Max fighters clashed in a couple of semifinal bouts, with the winners going head-to-head in the Main Event for the World Max 2008 Championship.

Masato’s semifinal opponent was Japanese kickboxer Yoshihiro Sato, the ‘06 & ‘07 World Max Japan Champion.

Sato is tall, and used his 11cm/4″ height advantage well, pushing in front kicks to control the distance and threatening with the knees when the action closed. Masato, meanwhile, drew on his speed, firing in low kicks and darting forward with punches, as both fighters scored soundly through an electrifying first round. The second saw even more action, Masato powering past his opponent’s defenses with numerous left straight punches; Sato showing a great chin and continuing to counter. Incredibly, the boys raised it another notch in the third — a round that showcased what World Max is all about. Sato benefited from a change in tactics, bearing in with punches, and Masato answered in kind as the pair stood toe-to-toe and traded ‘em before Sato got through with a left-right combination to fell his opponent. Masato recovered well to score with straight punches, although most connected at the limit of his reach. Masato did better by closing to work the body blows and uppercuts.

One judge liked Sato but two scored it a draw, prompting a tiebreaker round. Here Masato was quick with his combinations, closing again to work the body; while Sato played it defensively, firing low kicks and pushing his opponent back with front kicks. Masato’s aggression made the difference as he passed with the jab and straight punches then drove home body blows from inside. A late Masato left straight cocked Sato’s head back, and by the time Sato resumed his punching attacks it was too late. Masato with the hard-fought unanimous decision and a trip to the final.

The smart money had it that Masato would meet two-time and Defending World Max Champion Andy Souwer in the final. But Souwer hit a roadblock on the road to glory, in the form of 21 year-old Ukrainian fighter Artur Kyshenko.

Kyshenko smartly snapped in the kicks to start, but Souwer’s blocking and evasions were excellent, and the Dutch fighter went on the offensive late in the first with a couple of smart one-two punch combinations. A bit more action in the second as the distance closed, both combatants throwing punches — Souwer looking good with tight combinations on the counter. But still, neither fighter showed a killer instinct. Souwer’s cautious style was now cause for concern. When would he break out?

The judge’s card had the pair even going into the third, and although Souwer’s blocking in the final frame was once again near-flawless and his combinations on the counter displayed admirable technical skill, his overall defensive strategy did not win him the round, and the bout went to a tiebreaker.

Kyshenko knew he had an excellent chance to win it. The Ukrainian’s stamina served him well as he launched a number of creative attacks, including a spinning back kick and flying knees. Souwer responded with low kicks and also varied his attacks some, but that might have been the Champ’s problem — he spent too much time responding. When the bell sounded, judges gave Kyshenko the nod and a date with Masato in the final.

In ten World Max bouts, Kyshenko’s only loss had come against Masato in last year’s final. In that bout, Kyshenko was ahead on the cards before falling to a Masato left hook. And so this had the making of a great, albeit unexpected final. Both fighters had gone four rounds in their semifinal contests, but Kyshenko — seven years Masato’s junior — had taken fewer blows en route to the final.

The fighters came out hard and fast, exhibiting no ill effects from their semifinal bouts. Kyshenko answered Masato’s first low kick with three of his own, and Masato worked the straight punches, but Kyshenko’s blocking was sound. Kyshenko landed a solid low kick and right hook, however more of Masato’s surgical strikes got through, the Japanese fighter improving both his power and accuracy as the first round wound down.

Significant among World Max rule changes introduced for this event was an “open-scoring” system, whereby judges’ scorecards are displayed on arena monitors at the conclusion of each round.

It might have lit a fire under Kyshenko when one judge scored the first round a draw and the other two gave it to Masato by a point. Kyshenko started the second with a hard right straight punch and continued striking with combinations until a left dropped Masato. The trip to the mat did not unnerve Masato, who coolly countered with low kicks and closed with uppercuts. Meanwhile, many of Kyshenko’s punches were exploding promisingly from the guard only to miss the mark, and a Kyshenko kick sailed high late in the round.

Still, the down had put Kyshenko up on one card going into the third. The Ukrainian had his chance, but could not put this one away. Stamina had entered the equation, and if there was a fatigued fighter in the ring it was certainly not the ever-advancing Masato. Plenty of hard stuff thrown here, Kyshenko floating some and missing more; Masato solidly planted on his feet to take the edge in power and accuracy. Kyshenko however remained dangerous, landing a knee late in the round.

After three rounds, one card had it for Masato while the others added up even, and so a tiebreaker was prescribed.

Crunch time, and they came out swinging — but again Masato set himself better, picking his spots and hitting the target while doing an excellent job of reading and evading Kyshenko’s big hooks. Masato had the initiative, and he had the right attack at the right time. Although Kyshenko connected with a hard upper, his flagging guard left him vulnerable and he received more than he gave, and Masato finished the round in control.

A very good performance by the young Kyshenko, but a better one from the experienced Masato, whose stamina, smarts and versatility erased the second-round down and earned him a unanimous decision and the World Max Belt. It was the second time Masato has won the World Max Final, he also took it in 2003.

“These were the toughest fights I’ve ever had,” said Masato in his post-event interview. “My face and my legs hurt. I didn’t expect to be downed twice, I gave 100%, and I have nothing left — now I just want to relax and have a cup of coffee! Of course, I am very happy to win the belt. It is definitely different from what I felt before, now I think I can realize the true value of this belt. I’m completely exhausted, right now I feel like I don’t want to ever fight again — so I’ll think about the future later.”

“Now I understand why Masato is the champion,” said Kyshenko afterward. “He has good punches and kicks, and I think the reason I lost was because I don’t have as much experience as he does. But now I’ve fought him two years in a row, it was a great learning experience. Also it gave me a lot of confidence to beat Andy Souwer, who was the Max champion twice. Last year I finished in third place and this year I was second-place, so I’m improving one step at a time — next year I’ll be the champion!”
In the first tournament reserve, Japanese kickboxer Yasuhiro Kido fought the first-ever World Max Champion, boxer Albert Kraus of Holland.

Good positioning and movement by Kraus in the early going, the Dutchman getting through with the fists and scoring with low kicks. Kido connected with a couple of strikes but otherwise struggled to find his distance, and a Kraus knee at the bell sent the Japanese fighter to the interval with a nasty gash over his eye. Kido came alive in the second, making good with combinations, but time was twice stopped for the ringside doctor to check his worsening cut. Kido did not pass the second evaluation, so Kraus had the TKO win.

“Kido was good and strong and technical,” said Kraus post-bout. “I’m happy with my performance this year, the only thing I missed out on was the championship belt.”

The second tournament reserve pitted two-time World Max Champion Buakaw Por Pramuk of Thailand against Indian muay thai fighter Black Mamba.

There is a reason Buakaw has won the World Max twice, and the Thai fighter showed it tonight. Mamba made a go of it, but was simply out of his league as Buakaw commanded the distance, pace and style of this one from the first bell. At just 2:18 of the first Buakaw had the win courtesy a couple of downs — the first after a leg-grab and left straight punch to the chops, the second courtesy a couple of side-launched right hooks.
The evening’s 13-bout card also included a World Max Superfight, the ISKA World Lightweight Title Match and another lightweight contest, plus the quarterfinals in K-1’s new Koshien King of U-18 series.

In the World Max Superfight, Japanese kickboxer Taishin Kohiruimaki met Dutch kickboxer Joeri Mes. Kohiruimaki started with an ambitious knee, but Mes quickly seized control, making good with the left straight punches to score an early down. Mes continued to close on his opponent, and although Kohi came back with knees and low kicks midway through the second, Mes was the dominating fighter, and started the third with a three-point lead on all cards. Kohiruimaki desperately needed to make some noise here, and as time wound down he opened up — but it was the indefatigable Mes who got through with the decisive blow — a left hook on a counter — to lay the Japanese fighter out flat. An impressive display of power, speed and spirit by Mes.

“I feel good,” said Mes, “I fought aggressively, like Melvin [Manhoef] and Badr [Hari]. “I knew Kohi is a good fighter, but he kept clinching. After my win today, I’d like to fight more in K-1. I already fought Andy Souwer once and I lost, I’d like to fight him again and win! I’d also like to fight Japanese fighters like Masato and Sato.”

In the ISKA World Lightweight (60kg/132lbs) Title Match, it was Japanese fighters Susumu Daiguji, a 30 year-old karate stylist; and Daisuke Uematsu, a kickboxer two days shy of his 24th birthday.

A quick start and a quicker finish to this one. Daiguji shot in with the fists, Uematsu weathering the attack before countering with a middle kick then pumping up a knee to score a down. As Daiguji slumped against the ropes then onto the mat, the referee stepped in to call it. Uematsu the winner by KO at just 0:29.

Another lightweight contest featured Japanese fighters Haruaki Otsuki and Ryuji Kajiwara.

The shorter fighter, Otsuki hung his guard loose and low and chased Kajiwara with kicks, but ate a few fists — including a hard right hook in the second. It was anyone’s fight going into the final frame. Good action here, Kajiwara punching into his opponent’s guard, Otsuki answering with a punishing high kick. Kajiwara scored with a right hook, but Otsuki was more creative inside, and took a unanimous decision.

In the evening’s opening fight, a World Max contest, Nieky “The Natural” Holzken of Holland’s prestigious Golden Glory Gym rammed the fists past South African boxer Virgil Kalakoda’s guard to score two quick first-round downs and pick up the KO win.
Also on the card were the quarterfinal contests in the new K-1 Koshien King of U-18 Series. Paralleling Japan’s hugely popular Koshien high school baseball tournament — which enjoys television viewer ratings exceeding those of Japanese major league baseball — K-1 Koshien is open to high school students aged 16-18, with a weight range limitation of 57kg/126lbs to 62kg/137lbs. Bouts are conducted under modified K-1 rules, with 5-counts and fighters wearing ten-ounce gloves.

Koshien promoter’s selection Hiroya snapped in straight punches to rattle Taishi Hiratsuka, a Top-3 Chubu Region Fighter, prompting the referee to call it for Hiroya. Shota Shimada, also a promoter’s selection, took a unanimous decision over Ryo Murakoshi, a Top-3 Kanto fighter; Chubu Champion Ryuya Kusakabe’s high kick KO’d Kanto Finalist Daizo Sasaki late in the first round; and Kanto Champion Koya Urabe scored a second-round TKO over Yusuke Tsuboi, a Chubu Finalist.

During tonight’s intermission, a draw was held to determine the semifinal matchups for the Koshien Final, which will be held at K-1’s New Year’s Eve Dynamite event. It will be Hiroya vs Shota Shimada; and Ryuya Kusakabe vs Koya Urabe.
The K-1 World Max 2008 Final attracted a sellout crowd of 15,321 to the Nippon Budokan. All bouts were conducted under K-1 Rules — three rounds of three minutes each, with a possible tiebreaker round in all but the K-1 Koshien Series, and two possible tiebreakers in the ISKA Title bout and the World Max Final’s championship bout.

The event was broadcast live in Japan on the TBS network. For television scheduling information in other regions contact local providers. Visit the K-1 Official Website (www.k-1.co.jp/k-1gp) for official results and comprehensive coverage of this and all K-1 events.

Dane beecham won his over a 5 rounds.

Corbett won his fight against the much lighter but taller thai.
Corbett took him out with an elbow which took the thai to a count.  When he got up Corbett just finished the job

Zidov was demolished by a body shot from Eli

Sean wright defeated the preacher with solid boxing skills

JWPs fight was apparently awesome. Any other fighter would have been knocked out by Askerov but Parr weathered the storm and went on to win on points.

Thanks to Scottya for the pics ]]> http://muaythai.com.au/evolution-14-results/feed 0